757 million people faced chronic hunger in 2023

Food security means that people have enough safe and nutritious food for a healthy life. This concept was defined at the World Food Summit in 1996 and updated in 2001. When food security is not met, it is called food insecurity. Chronic food insecurity happens when someone cannot get enough food for a long time, while acute food insecurity can threaten lives. As of 2023, around 757 million people were reported to be facing chronic hunger. The World Food Programme (WFP) estimated that 343 million people were in acute food insecurity as of November 2024. Food security is crucial because every person deserves the right to access food. It also plays a major role in maintaining peace and stability in regions where food shortages can lead to conflict and displacement. Several factors contribute to food insecurity. Key issues include conflict, harsh weather conditions, and economic instability. These can prevent people from accessing food due to failed crops or high market prices. Certain groups may face additional barriers based on gender or ethnicity. Food security involves four main elements: use, access, availability, and stability. Proper food use requires clean water and cooking supplies. Access can be hindered by distance and affordability, especially during times of conflict. Availability may be impacted by transport issues and high import costs. Stability refers to how consistently these factors are met. Seasons also affect food security. The period before harvest can be challenging, with low food stocks and high prices. Conversely, right after a harvest, food is usually abundant and cheaper. Poor weather can severely affect crop yields, impacting food availability. To measure food security globally, the Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) is used. This system categorizes food insecurity levels from "no/minimal food insecurity" to "famine." WFP plays a key role in collecting food security data through surveys, satellite imagery, and remote interviews, especially in areas with limited access due to conflict. WFP publishes annual figures on food insecurity in reports each July and other initiatives. It works to enhance food security by providing immediate assistance during emergencies and offering programs to help communities. For example, WFP trains smallholder farmers, provides cash, and assists with food preparation techniques. Overall, WFP strives to ensure that everyone has access to food and support, working toward a world without hunger.