Adenomyosis affects many women, causing severe symptoms

Adenomyosis is a condition that affects the uterus. It occurs when the tissue that normally lines the uterus grows into the muscular wall. This can cause heavy periods, cramps, and pain during sex. Dr. Dhatchayani S, a consultant at Manipal Hospital, explains that adenomyosis is quite common. It affects about 20-65% of adult women. Many women may confuse it with endometriosis because the symptoms can be similar. Some women may not have any symptoms and find out they have it during other exams. Common symptoms include severe pain during periods, painful intercourse, chronic pelvic pain, abnormal bleeding, and issues with infertility. For some women, adenomyosis can make it harder to get pregnant or increase the chance of miscarriage. Hormonal treatments can sometimes help improve pregnancy outcomes. Women at higher risk for adenomyosis are usually over 35, those who have given birth, and those with a history of uterine surgeries. It can also occur alongside other conditions like endometriosis or fibroids. Complications from adenomyosis can be serious. They include a higher risk of infertility and problems during pregnancy, such as preterm labor and low birth weight. Treatment options vary. For symptom relief, doctors may recommend medications like GnRH agonists, oral contraceptives, or a hormonal intrauterine device. For women who want to keep their uterus but have completed their families, surgical options like endometrial microablation may be considered. In some cases, a hysterectomy is the recommended treatment, especially for women over 40. It's important to consult a doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment if you suspect you have adenomyosis.