ADHD linked to higher dementia risk in adulthood

Recent research has found a possible link between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and a higher risk of developing dementia later in life. The study, conducted by Geneva University Hospitals and the University of Geneva, revealed changes in the brains of adults with ADHD that are similar to those seen in people with dementia. The study compared 32 adults with ADHD, aged 25 to 45, to 29 healthy individuals in the same age group. It found that those with ADHD had increased levels of iron in certain brain regions and higher levels of neurofilament light chain protein (NfL) in their blood. Both of these markers have been associated with dementia, including Alzheimer's disease, indicating that ADHD may raise dementia risk as individuals age. ADHD affects about 3.5% of adults globally. It is characterized by attention difficulties and impulsivity. While symptoms usually begin in childhood, they can continue into adulthood, impacting daily life and functioning. Dementia, on the other hand, affects around 55 million people worldwide, according to the World Health Organization. Professor Paul G. Unschuld, a key figure in the research, explained that excess iron in the brain can cause damage to neurons, potentially leading to neurodegenerative diseases. The study suggests that measuring iron levels and NfL in the blood can help indicate risks of cognitive decline related to ADHD. The findings highlight the need for more research on preventing dementia in individuals with ADHD. Early detection and treatment of ADHD might improve quality of life and reduce potential long-term cognitive health issues. Additional studies are needed to explore various strategies to manage iron levels in the brain to lower dementia risk in people with ADHD.