AI-enhanced low-dose CT scans diagnose pneumonia effectively

Low-dose CT chest scans can accurately diagnose pneumonia with minimal radiation exposure. Researchers have found that these scans use just 2% of the radiation found in standard CT scans. This is particularly beneficial for at-risk patients, such as those with weakened immune systems. A study published in Radiology: Cardiothoracic Imaging shows that ultra-low-dose CT scans can detect pneumonia early. Quick detection is crucial for preventing severe complications. Dr. Maximiliano Klug, the lead researcher, noted that while CT scans are highly effective, there are concerns about repeated radiation exposure. To enhance the clarity of low-dose scans, Dr. Klug's team developed an artificial intelligence program. This AI technology can reduce "noise," making the images clearer. During the study, 54 patients with fever underwent both standard and ultra-low-dose scans. Radiologists who reviewed the AI-enhanced low-dose scans achieved 100% accuracy in identifying pneumonia and other lung issues. However, the accuracy for non-AI scans ranged from 91% to 98%. Dr. Klug believes this method could lead to changes in clinical guidelines, potentially making denoised ultra-low-dose CT the preferred option for young patients with compromised immune systems.