Alpha-gal syndrome linked to new tick species in U.S

A rare meat allergy linked to tick bites is showing up in new areas of the United States. This condition, called alpha-gal syndrome, is known to be triggered mainly by the lone star tick, which is common in the Southeastern U.S. and parts of the Midwest. Recent reports indicate that two other types of ticks, the deer tick and the western black-legged tick, may also cause this allergy. When a tick bites, it releases saliva containing a sugar molecule known as alpha-gal. For some people, this can lead to an immune reaction that results in an allergy to red meat. This type of allergy can cause severe reactions, such as anaphylactic shock, although it is relatively uncommon. According to the CDC, nearly 500,000 people in the U.S. could be affected by this syndrome. Recent case studies highlighted two women from Washington and Maine who developed alpha-gal syndrome after being bitten by ticks not typically found in areas where lone star ticks are common. These findings suggest that other tick species might be involved in causing this allergy. The CDC has noted that the distribution map of alpha-gal syndrome cases shows high prevalence in several states, including Alabama, Georgia, and Missouri. Experts believe this map would look different if more cases were related to the deer tick or black-legged tick. The allergy develops over time after exposure to alpha-gal in tick saliva, and reactions might not occur until hours or even days later after eating red meat. Diagnosing alpha-gal syndrome can be complicated because symptoms vary among individuals. For example, one woman experienced anaphylactic shock 29 days after a tick bite and felt sick after eating different meats. The other had stomach issues after removing a deer tick, showing how symptoms can develop in different ways for different people. Researchers are still exploring why some individuals develop this allergy while others do not. Ticks are becoming more prevalent across the U.S., partly due to climate change, making it essential to take precautions against tick bites. This includes using insect repellent and wearing protective clothing when outdoors, especially during peak tick season starting in April.