Astronomers identify new meteorite source regions in asteroid belt

Astronomers have created a geologic map of the asteroid belt to identify the origins of different types of meteorites. Their findings, published in the journal *Meteoritics & Planetary Science*, reveal new source regions within the asteroid belt for previously observed meteorite falls. Lead author Peter Jenniskens, from the SETI Institute and NASA, described the project as a decade-long investigation. He and Australian astronomer Hadrien Devillepoix established a network of cameras across California and Nevada to track meteorites as they enter Earth's atmosphere. Their efforts, along with contributions from citizen scientists, have helped identify 17 meteorite falls. Through video tracking, researchers have compiled data on 75 meteorites, enabling them to recognize patterns in how these meteorites approach Earth. Most meteorites come from the asteroid belt, which is located between Mars and Jupiter and contains over one million asteroids. The team discovered that twelve iron-rich ordinary chondrite meteorites originated from a debris field in the asteroid belt called Koronis. These findings help connect specific meteorites to known clusters, enhancing our understanding of their origins. The study also found that different types of meteorites, including low iron and very low iron varieties, mainly come from the inner parts of the asteroid belt. The L chondrites, for example, are linked to the Hertha asteroid family, which has a history of violent collisions. Understanding the sources of meteorites is crucial for planetary defense against Near Earth Asteroids. Researchers believe that knowing an asteroid's orbit can provide insight into its origins. Despite the progress made, Jenniskens noted that there is still much to discover, comparing their efforts to early cartographers mapping unknown lands. The study suggests future research will involve directly observing asteroids before they impact Earth, benefiting from new advanced astronomical facilities.