Babies with heart defects have higher cancer risk

Babies born with heart defects may have a higher chance of developing cancer in their first 10 years. New research indicates that mothers of these babies might also face increased cancer risks. Dr. June Huh, the lead author of the study, emphasized the importance of understanding how maternal factors and genetics may play a role. Heart defects are the most common birth defects in the U.S., affecting about 12 out of every 1,000 live births. These defects can range from minor structural issues to severe malformations. Thanks to medical advances, many children with these conditions now live longer. However, studies suggest they may be at risk for other health problems, including cancer. The recent study analyzed data from 3.5 million live births in South Korea between 2005 and 2019. Researchers found that children with heart defects had a 66% higher cancer rate in their first decade compared to those without. Newborns with complex heart defects or issues with blood vessels or heart valves had even higher risks. Common types of cancer diagnosed in both groups included leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Interestingly, mothers of babies with heart defects were also 17% more likely to develop cancer in the following decade. The reasons for this link remain unclear. Researchers speculate that genetic factors might contribute to both heart defects and cancer risks. Dr. Keila N. Lopez, a pediatric cardiologist, found the findings surprising and stresses the need for further research. She noted that stress from caring for a child with a heart defect could also play a role. The study highlights the importance of regular medical care for children with heart defects and encourages ongoing monitoring for both physical and emotional health risks in families.