Cervical cancer rates rise among U.S. women, screenings decline

Cervical cancer caused by HPV is on the rise among some women in the U.S. Early detection can prevent this cancer, but recent research shows a decline in screening rates. The percentage of women screened fell from 47% in 2019 to 41% in 2023. Rural women are particularly affected, being 25% more likely to be diagnosed and 42% more likely to die from cervical cancer than those living in cities. Every year, about 13,000 women in the U.S. are diagnosed with cervical cancer, which is mainly caused by HPV, and around 4,320 die from it. Rates of cervical cancer are increasing among women in their 30s and early 40s. Many women aged 21 to 29 do not keep up with screenings. Factors such as being nonwhite, uninsured, or part of the LGBTQ+ community also decrease screening rates. The HPV vaccine can prevent 90% of cervical cancers, but misconceptions about the vaccine persist. Some influential figures have suggested the vaccine is dangerous, leading to hesitancy among parents. Currently, only 61% of adolescents are up to date on their HPV vaccinations. With over 42 million people in the U.S. carrying HPV, awareness about its potential links to various cancers has decreased. Experts recommend women start screening for cervical cancer with an HPV test every five years from ages 25 to 65. Vaccination rates have led to reductions in cervical precancer and cancer incidence among young women. Despite the commonality of HPV, understanding and addressing the stigma around it remain crucial. Having high-risk HPV does not guarantee cancer. Most infections clear up within one to two years. Routine screenings and follow-ups are important for early detection. Women should not panic if they receive a positive HPV test, as it simply means closer monitoring is needed. Those vaccinated against HPV can still test positive due to strains not covered by the vaccine. Although the virus cannot be cured, health professionals can treat associated abnormalities. Ongoing awareness and education about HPV and vaccination are critical in reducing cervical cancer rates.