China reports population decline for third consecutive year in 2024

China's population decreased for the third consecutive year in 2024, reaching 1.408 billion, down from 1.410 billion in 2023. The decline was less severe than in previous years. The country has struggled to reverse this trend despite ending its one-child policy in 2016 and allowing three children per family since 2021. Factors contributing to low birth rates include high living costs and more women pursuing careers and education. By 2035, nearly one-third of China's population is projected to be over 60. In response, officials have begun raising the retirement age, which had been among the lowest globally.