Early detection crucial for cancer management, say experts

A social media influencer shared her story about colon cancer to raise awareness about early detection. Tess, who has stage 4 colon cancer, experienced symptoms for 10 months before being diagnosed. She had stomach cramping, blood in her stool, and changes in her bowel habits but was misdiagnosed for almost a year. Cancer is a major global health issue. In 2022, there were about 20 million new cases and nearly 9.7 million deaths worldwide. The World Health Organization predicts that cancer cases will rise by 77% by 2050, which may overwhelm health systems. In India, about 100 people per 100,000 are diagnosed with cancer each year, amounting to over 1.4 million new cases in 2023. Low awareness, late diagnoses, and limited access to healthcare are significant challenges in addressing cancer in the country. Experts stress the importance of regular screenings for early detection. Common cancers like oral, cervical, breast, and lung cancers can be prevented with better awareness and timely check-ups. Here are some recommended tests for early detection: - **Breast Cancer**: Mammograms should start at age 40 for those at higher risk and should be done every 2-3 years until age 50, then annually until age 75. - **Lung Cancer**: Smokers aged 30 or 40 who smoke heavily should get an annual low-dose CT scan. - **Oral Cancer**: Regular oral exams are recommended for everyone, regardless of tobacco use. - **Cervical Cancer**: Women should start Pap smears at age 21 and continue every 3 years until age 65. - **Prostate Cancer**: Men should have a PSA test every 2 years starting at age 50. - **Colon Cancer**: Everyone should begin stool tests at age 50, and follow up with a colonoscopy if necessary. - **Ovarian Cancer**: Women over 50 should have an annual pelvic ultrasound, especially if they notice any changes. It is crucial to talk to a doctor about unusual symptoms as early detection can greatly improve treatment outcomes.