Four studies propose innovative tuberculosis treatment solutions

Tuberculosis (TB) cases are rising in the U.S. as of early 2025. TB is a serious disease that can cause severe lung damage and is often fatal if untreated. World TB Day, observed on March 24, aims to raise awareness. It also honors Robert Koch, who discovered the bacterium responsible for TB. Scientists are still developing better ways to diagnose and treat this disease. Recent research has produced four promising studies that could change TB treatment. One study focuses on a faster diagnosis method. It involves a protein that the TB bacterium uses to absorb iron. Researchers created a fluorescent tag for this protein, allowing them to identify TB in saliva samples within 10 minutes. Another study looks at white blood cells called macrophages, which can be overtaken by TB during infection. Scientists developed sugar-coated nanoparticles that can enter these infected cells and help recycle damaged cellular components. Tests in mice showed that this treatment reduced TB levels in the lungs significantly after six weeks. A third study introduces a potential nasal treatment for tuberculous meningitis, a severe condition caused by TB spreading to the brain. Researchers created a nasal spray that delivers the TB drug clofazimine effectively. Tests in mice indicated that this treatment lowered bacterial levels in the brain and lungs. The fourth study focuses on new treatments for multidrug-resistant TB. Researchers have created light-activated particles that can inactivate the bacteria using a red laser. This approach aims to improve treatment effectiveness while minimizing the risk of developing more drug resistance. In addition, a virtual event was held in March 2025 to discuss innovative TB treatment strategies. Titled "Disrupt & Destroy: Starving Tuberculosis with Smarter Science," it was co-hosted by ACS Webinars and ACS Publications and is available for viewing on demand.