Galaxies' rotation may indicate universe inside black hole

Astronomers have found something surprising in a survey of the universe. Most galaxies are spinning in the same direction, which goes against current theories. Normally, galaxies should rotate randomly. This unusual pattern suggests that scientists may not fully understand how the universe works. Lior Shamir, an astronomer from Kansas State University, offers two main explanations for this phenomenon. One idea is that the universe may have started with a rotation. This theory ties into the concept of black hole cosmology, which suggests the universe could be inside a black hole. If true, it would challenge many existing theories in cosmology. The second explanation is less intriguing. It suggests that the rotation of our own galaxy, the Milky Way, might be creating an illusion, making other galaxies seem like they have a specific spin direction. Shamir's research showed that the distribution of galaxy spins is more organized than previously thought. He used data from the James Webb Space Telescope to study 263 galaxies whose light has traveled billions of years to reach us. He discovered a significant difference in rotation: 105 galaxies spun counterclockwise, while 158 spun clockwise. Shamir noted that anyone can notice this difference just by looking at the images. If the universe were uniform, we would expect a nearly equal number of clockwise and counterclockwise galaxies. There are possible implications of this finding. If the Milky Way's rotation is influencing our observations more than expected, it could correct various issues in cosmology. For example, it might help explain why different measurements of the universe's expansion rate don't match up. Shamir's study was published in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, sparking new discussions about the structure and behavior of the universe.