H5N1 bird flu in milk may resist antiviral treatments

Scientists have discovered that current flu antivirals may not be effective against the H5N1 bird flu found in cow's milk. This strain of avian influenza poses a risk to human health, especially for dairy workers. The research, conducted by scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, showed that two FDA-approved antivirals failed to treat severe H5N1 infections in a preclinical model. Furthermore, how individuals are exposed to the virus—whether through the eye, nose, or mouth—affects the effectiveness of treatments. As the H5N1 outbreak continues in the United States, it's important to prevent the spread of the virus. The study's findings suggest that avoiding raw milk and minimizing exposure for dairy farm workers are effective measures. So far, over 60 people have been infected due to dairy-related exposures. The study revealed that while the antiviral baloxavir reduced viral levels better than oseltamivir, neither was consistently effective. Infections through the mouth, similar to drinking raw infected milk, were the most difficult to treat. Meanwhile, infections through the eye were managed better, which is important for those working closely with cows.