Herpes simplex virus-1 causes lasting neurological damage

A new study shows that herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) can enter the brain through the nasal cavity, leading to long-term neurological issues like anxiety and cognitive impairment. This differs from previous knowledge, which focused mainly on cold sores. Researchers found that a cellular enzyme called heparanase plays a key role in the virus's ability to cause brain damage. Blocking this enzyme reduced neurological harm in infected animals, suggesting a potential target for treatment. HSV-1 is widespread, affecting about two-thirds of the global population. The study highlights the need for increased awareness of the virus's severe neurological effects, which may be underdiagnosed.