Jharkhand produces 55% of India's lac production

Jharkhand is a leading state in lac production, contributing 60% of India's total output. This is significant because India makes 85% of the world's lac. The quality of lac from Jharkhand is particularly valued internationally. The production occurs mainly in six districts: Ranchi, Khunti, Gumla, Simdega, Latehar, and Palamu. Lac is used in various products, such as single-use plastics, cosmetics, and food coatings. However, the industry faces several challenges. Forest cover is declining, soil quality is poor, and there is a lack of care for the trees that host lac-producing insects. Many farmers, especially marginalized tribal women, do not have registered land holdings. Additionally, there is no proper packaging facility, which affects product branding and market transparency. The ICAR-National Institute of Secondary Agriculture plays a key role in improving lac production. It has found ways to produce lac more quickly, reducing the maturation period from six or seven years to three or four years. The institute generates 18,000 tonnes of lac each year, the highest in the world, and supports over one million families in cultivation. To boost production further, the institute is promoting integrated cropping systems that include high-value plants alongside lac. They are also collaborating with the NGO Pradaan to train women farmers, aiming to reach five lakh by 2030. In 2022, the Jharkhand government recognized lac as an agricultural product, which helps farmers access government schemes. Plans are underway to establish a packaging facility and a food testing lab. Integrated processing plants are also set to open in tribal areas by June. Overall, there is hope that with proper support, the lac industry can thrive.