Mediterranean diet reduces macular degeneration risk by 34%

A new study suggests that following a Mediterranean diet may help reduce the risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). AMD is a leading cause of vision loss in older adults. Participants in the study who adhered to this diet had up to a 34% lower risk of developing the condition. Macular degeneration affects central vision, making it blurry and less sharp. As vision impairment due to age-related diseases increases in the U.S., maintaining eye health becomes vital. Healthy habits, such as wearing sunglasses, reducing screen time, and staying active, can support eye health along with dietary choices. Foods rich in vitamins E and A, like almonds and sweet potatoes, are beneficial and are part of the Mediterranean diet. Researchers conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of eight studies to explore the link between the Mediterranean diet and AMD. The studies included participants aged 55 to 80, with most being women. They used specific criteria to classify AMD and defined adherence to the Mediterranean diet based on high consumption of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fish, and olive oil. The study found inconsistent results across different types of observational research. Cross-sectional studies did not show a significant association, possibly due to weight imbalances among participants. However, case-control studies indicated a 34% reduced risk of AMD for those who followed the diet. Prospective cohort studies showed a 23% decrease in risk. Incorporating more eye-healthy foods from the Mediterranean diet could benefit overall health. Nutrients such as lutein and zeaxanthin, found in leafy greens, and vitamins A, B, C, and E can support vision. These are commonly found in the Mediterranean diet's ingredients, including nuts, seeds, and fatty fish. For those wanting to embrace this diet, meal plans and shopping lists are available. Researchers highlight the flexibility of the Mediterranean diet, encouraging individuals to start small by incorporating healthier food swaps into their meals. Over time, these changes may lead to significant health benefits.