Minnesota's doctors warn about measles outbreak risks

A measles outbreak that started in Texas is spreading to nearby states, raising concerns about the risk of infection. Dr. Beth Thielen, who specializes in pediatric infectious diseases, emphasizes that even though Minnesota has no reported cases this year, residents still need to be cautious. Traveling to spring break destinations could bring the virus back to the state. Measles is highly contagious. Anyone unvaccinated can catch it just by entering a room where someone with measles was present within the last two hours. Beyond its infectious nature, measles can lead to serious complications. One rare but deadly brain infection, called subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE), can develop years after infection. The risk increases, especially for young children. Dr. Thielen explains that measles can weaken the immune system, making people more vulnerable to other infections after recovery. There are limited treatment options available. For severe cases, a drug called ribavirin may be used, but it is not very effective against measles itself. Antibiotics are only prescribed for any secondary bacterial infections that might occur. Some public figures advocate for various treatments for measles. However, Dr. Thielen warns that steroids, which can suppress the immune response, might make matters worse. Although vitamin A may help improve outcomes in undernourished children, its benefits in well-nourished populations like those in the U.S. are unclear. Overdosing on vitamin A can also be harmful. The best way to prevent measles is vaccination with the MMR vaccine, which protects against measles, mumps, and rubella. For more information on vaccines and what to do after potential exposure, Minnesota residents can consult the state health department's resources.