NASA plans human missions to Mars in the 2030s

NASA has announced its plans to send humans to Mars in the 2030s. Mars is a significant target because it is one of the only places in our solar system where life may have existed. The planet’s surface, covered in iron oxide dust, suggests it may once have had an ocean. NASA has gathered evidence that water once flowed on Mars billions of years ago. Scientists believe that this ancient ocean may have supported life similar to early Earth. Currently, robots explore Mars, as no humans have set foot there yet. NASA is focusing on several key areas to support human life on Mars, including oxygen, food, water, power, spacesuits, communications, and shelter. One day on Mars is about 37 minutes longer than a day on Earth, and its year is almost twice as long. To provide oxygen, NASA is using a device called MOXIE. It works like a tree by taking in carbon dioxide and producing oxygen that astronauts can breathe and use as fuel. For food, NASA is studying how to grow plants in space, since astronauts won't have fresh supplies delivered during missions. Water is crucial for sustaining life. NASA is developing systems to recycle water and other resources on the International Space Station. For power, NASA is exploring fission systems to ensure astronauts have a reliable energy source. Spacesuits are essential for protecting astronauts from Mars's harsh environment. These “personal spaceships” supply air and water, and allow for communication. NASA also plans to use laser communications to send large amounts of data and images back to Earth. Shelter is another priority, with plans for accommodations that resemble homes on Earth. These habitats will include safe living spaces and advanced recycling systems for water and air. NASA is confident that ongoing technology developments will make human missions to Mars possible. Some of the technologies being developed include advanced propulsion systems, inflatable landers, high-tech spacesuits, mobile habitats, and efficient power systems.