NASA tackles challenges in nuclear propulsion for faster Mars missions

NASA is developing nuclear thermal propulsion (NTP) technology to reduce travel time to Mars. Unlike traditional chemical rockets, NTP uses nuclear fission to heat propellant, potentially cutting the journey in half. A prototype is set for demonstration in space by 2027. Previous nuclear propulsion efforts relied on highly enriched uranium, which raised safety concerns. Current research focuses on high-assay, low-enriched uranium fuel, which is safer but heavier. NASA's DRACO program, in partnership with Lockheed Martin, aims to address these challenges. Engineers are using models and simulations to design efficient NTP systems. These tools help predict how the engines will perform under various conditions. Ongoing research seeks to optimize reactor designs for future crewed missions to Mars.