New RNA agents effectively protect plants from CMV

Researchers at Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU) have created a new method to protect plants from the cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). This virus affects many crops and is transmitted by aphids. The new method uses special RNA molecules called effective double-stranded RNA (edsRNA) to boost plants' natural defenses. In laboratory tests, 80 to 100 percent of plants treated with edsRNA survived severe CMV infections. This is a significant improvement compared to untreated plants, which all died in the tests. The study was led by Dr. Sven-Erik Behrens. The findings were published in the journal Nucleic Acids Research. CMV is a major agricultural threat. Current methods often involve pesticides that can harm other organisms and humans. The researchers believe RNA-based solutions offer a more specific and environmentally friendly approach to crop protection. The team found that when a plant gets infected, it produces small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to fight off the virus. However, many of these siRNAs are ineffective. The researchers identified effective siRNAs, termed esiRNAs, and combined them into edsRNA. This allows for a stronger immune response against CMV. In their experiments, the treated plants showed high survival rates. The new edsRNA can target different parts of the virus's genetic makeup, which helps in fighting against rapidly changing virus strains. The researchers are also exploring ways to make the treatment easier to apply, such as spraying it on plants. Before this solution can be used in fields, it must pass approval processes. However, the researchers are optimistic. The first RNA-based crop protection product was recently approved in the USA, indicating progress in this area. They are also discussing potential industrial production with companies.