Oregon researchers develop nanoparticles for improved cancer treatment

Researchers at Oregon State University have developed new magnetic nanoparticles shaped like a cube between two pyramids. This design could lead to improvements in treating ovarian tumors and possibly other cancers. The study highlights the importance of particle shape in the treatment process. These nanoparticles are made of iron oxide and cobalt, allowing them to heat efficiently in an alternating magnetic field. When injected into cancerous tissue, they can quickly reach temperatures that weaken or destroy cancer cells. The findings are part of ongoing research in nanomedicine. The study was published in the journal Advanced Functional Materials. Magnetic nanoparticles have shown promise for cancer treatment for years. However, current methods usually require direct injection into tumors that can be easily accessed. With the new nanoparticles, effective heating can be achieved without needing high concentrations, reducing potential side effects. Traditional magnetic nanoparticles typically only reach therapeutic temperatures when injected directly into tumors. The researchers used a unique two-step method to create these nanoparticles. They found that the new particles heat up much faster than previous versions, making treatments quicker and more comfortable for patients. A peptide that targets tumors helps the nanoparticles gather where they are needed most. This means that ovarian cancer patients could receive an injection and have their tumor controlled after a 30-minute session with a magnetic field. The study shows these nanoparticles can heat tumors above 50°C, well past the needed 44°C for treatment. This advancement may expand the use of magnetic hyperthermia for various hard-to-reach tumors, making the therapy more versatile. The research was supported by the National Cancer Institute and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Other contributors to the study included numerous scientists from Oregon State University and partner institutions.