Pakistan-India relations worsen after train attack accusations

Recent events have worsened the already tense relationship between Pakistan and India. A terrorist attack on the Jaffar Express train in Balochistan and accusations exchanged between leaders have highlighted the impasse. Pakistani military officials claimed India was involved in the attack, a narrative they have maintained for years. In contrast, India dismissed these accusations as unfounded. In a podcast aired on March 16, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi spoke about the fraught ties, blaming Pakistan for promoting terrorism. He claimed that India had attempted peace in the past but was met with betrayal from Pakistan. His comments suggest that India sees Pakistan as the main barrier to improved relations. The ongoing lack of formal dialogue — halted for over five years — makes it difficult to resolve tensions. Despite this, Pakistan has expressed interest in establishing a backchannel for discussions, though India has not responded favorably to this suggestion. Officials in Islamabad have indicated that talks might happen in July or September if the two prime ministers meet, but this remains uncertain. One of the biggest obstacles to restoring relations is the longstanding conflict over Jammu and Kashmir. India’s decision to revoke the region’s special status in August 2019 triggered a breakdown in relations, leading Pakistan to cut trade and lower diplomatic ties. India insists that the Kashmir issue is resolved and that there is no room for negotiation, leading to a deadlock. While low-level engagement continues on some practical matters, such as religious visits, more significant progress requires political will from both governments. Currently, India's leadership appears to prioritize a strategy that criticizes Pakistan, aligning with domestic political interests.