Plant-based diets may extend life for cardiometabolic patients

A new study suggests that people with cardiometabolic disorders—like obesity, diabetes, and heart disease—can live longer by following a healthy plant-based diet. This research will be shared at the American College of Cardiology's Annual Scientific Session. Previous studies looked at plant-based diets in the general population, but this one focuses on those with cardiometabolic issues. These disorders are becoming more common and are linked to a higher risk of early death. Dr. Zhangling Chen, who led the study, highlighted that eating more healthy plant-based foods and fewer unhealthy foods can significantly reduce mortality risk. The researchers examined data from nearly 78,000 individuals with cardiometabolic disorders from studies in the UK, US, and China. They assigned scores based on participants' diets reported through interviews and questionnaires. A diet rich in healthy options like fruits, vegetables, and whole grains led to lower mortality risks, while diets heavy in refined grains and animal products increased risks. Overall, sticking to a healthy plant-based diet was linked to a 17% to 24% lower risk of dying from various causes, including cardiovascular disease and cancer. Conversely, a poor plant-based diet was associated with a 28% to 36% higher risk. The findings were consistent across different age, race, and lifestyle groups. In a similar study focused on beverage consumption among the general population, researchers found that a healthy beverage pattern also reduced premature death risk. Dr. Chen noted that these findings can guide people with cardiometabolic disorders in making healthier choices. However, the researchers noted that dietary data were based on self-reports from a single point in time, limiting insights into any dietary changes over the study period. They suggest further studies in diverse populations to confirm these findings and reinforce the benefits of healthy eating for broader groups.