Research links copper imbalance to atherosclerosis progression

New research suggests a link between copper imbalance and atherosclerosis (AS), a disease that causes fatty deposits and inflammation in arteries. This condition increases the risk of heart problems. Copper is important for various body functions, but too much can be harmful. Scientists have discovered a new type of cell death called cuproptosis, which could explain how excess copper may lead to blood vessel damage. When copper levels are too high, it can disrupt normal cell processes, causing cell death and contributing to atherosclerosis. The study published in Biomolecules and Biomedicine outlines how cuproptosis can worsen AS through different pathways. For example, excess copper can create reactive oxygen species that damage blood vessels. It also activates inflammation and alters cholesterol metabolism, which promotes plaque buildup in arteries. Researchers have identified specific biomarkers related to cuproptosis that could help in early detection of atherosclerosis. These include proteins that help regulate copper levels and oxidative stress in the body. To treat high copper levels and reduce the risks of AS, researchers are exploring several strategies. Copper chelation therapy can lower excess copper, while other agents can help manage copper transport within cells. New technologies using nanomedicine may also provide precise treatment options. Despite these advancements, challenges remain. More studies are needed to confirm the effectiveness of biomarkers and to understand the relationship between cuproptosis and AS. Ensuring safety in treatment methods is also a priority to avoid disrupting important biological functions. By addressing these issues, scientists hope to create better treatments for atherosclerosis, improving heart health and reducing the impact of this disease.