Specialized neutrophils enhance mouse skin barrier function

Researchers at the Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC) have identified a new type of neutrophil in mouse skin. These specialized immune cells produce components of the extracellular matrix, which helps keep the skin strong and resistant to germs. This discovery suggests that the immune system plays a key role in reinforcing the skin barrier beyond just fighting infections. The findings could lead to new treatments for skin diseases, diabetes, and other conditions related to inflammation and aging. The study's lead researcher, Andrés Hidalgo, emphasized the potential for developing therapies to strengthen skin barriers in patients with these issues. The study was published in the journal Nature. It highlights that innate immune cells, like neutrophils, not only kill invading germs but also help build physical defenses to protect the body. The extracellular matrix they produce is vital for the skin's structure and function. In the research, the neutrophils were found to create collagen and other proteins that reinforce the skin's barrier. They also surround wounds with protective structures to shield against bacteria and toxins. This process is regulated by a specific signaling pathway, and disrupting this pathway made the skin weaker and more vulnerable. The study also noted that these neutrophils exhibit a daily cycle, becoming more active at night. This suggests that they may help the skin recover and defend itself better during nighttime. Overall, this research not only enhances our understanding of the immune system but also opens new avenues for treating various skin and immune-related diseases. The collaboration included scientists from different countries and signifies a shift in how we understand the protective roles of immunity in the body.