Syria faces new era as rebels capture Damascus and Assad flees to Russia

Syrian rebels captured Damascus on December 8, 2024, leading to President Bashar al-Assad's flight to Russia. This marks the end of a 13-year civil war and over 50 years of Assad family rule, creating a new chapter in Syria's history. The rapid advance of Hayat al-Tahir al-Shams, a former al-Qaeda affiliate, has shifted power dynamics in the region, reducing the influence of Iran and Russia. International reactions have varied, with the U.S. noting a period of risk and uncertainty in Syria. As the rebel coalition works to establish a transitional government, the country faces significant challenges, including rebuilding after extensive destruction and addressing the needs of millions of displaced refugees.