TB remains a global health threat despite treatment advances

Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a major health crisis worldwide, despite being preventable and treatable. It became the leading infectious disease killer in 2023, resulting in 1.25 million deaths. This respiratory infection remains a challenge, particularly as it can develop drug resistance, threatening global health security. Recent challenges stem from reduced financial support for health programs that fight TB. Many countries that are heavily affected by the disease are struggling to secure funding for necessary tests and treatments. Stopping efforts against TB could lead to higher costs and more deaths. In 2023, around 10.8 million people fell ill with TB. The disease is prevalent in cities worldwide, and an infected person can spread it to multiple others. A significant number of TB cases are in poor and marginalized communities, which makes it hard to diagnose and treat the illness. Most TB cases are "drug sensitive," meaning they can be treated affordably. Unfortunately, many patients do not complete their treatment, which can lead to a more dangerous form of the disease: drug-resistant TB. In 2023, about 400,000 people developed this tougher strain, but only 40% received treatment. This situation poses a serious risk, as untreated cases could spread the disease further. If left uncontrolled, TB could become a threat to everyone. Currently, the majority of deaths occur in the poorest populations, including those with HIV or marginalized groups such as refugees. Stigma surrounding TB can hinder access to healthcare, making the situation worse. Investing in TB prevention and treatment is crucial, not just for health reasons but also for economic benefits. TB primarily affects those of working age, leading to lost productivity and high healthcare costs. However, evidence shows that investments in TB initiatives yield high returns. Despite challenges, there is hope. Last year, countries renewed their commitment to tackling TB, and new innovations are improving diagnosis and treatment. Collaborative efforts with global partners have also helped to lower the cost of essential TB medications. In 2024, more people were successfully diagnosed and treated than ever before. Now is not the time to lessen our efforts against TB. It is essential to strengthen our commitment to end the disease to save lives and ensure a healthier future for everyone. The necessary tools and strategies are available, but political will and funding are crucial for success.