Twisting layers controls superconductivity, enhancing energy efficiency

Scientists have found a new way to control superconductivity by twisting very thin layers of materials. This discovery, made by researchers at the RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, could lead to better energy-efficient technologies and quantum computers. The team adjusted the twisting angle of these layers to change a key feature known as the "superconducting gap." This gap determines how these materials behave at very low temperatures. A larger gap means superconductivity can work at higher temperatures, which is beneficial for creating advanced devices. Traditionally, researchers focused on controlling the superconducting gap based on the physical positions of particles. However, this new approach studies the energy states of the system, which has been challenging until now. By using thin layers of niobium diselenide on a graphene base and employing advanced imaging techniques, the scientists were able to make precise adjustments to the twist angle. The adjustments resulted in observable changes in the superconducting gap, providing a new method for fine-tuning these materials. The researchers noted unexpected patterns in the superconducting gap that do not align with the normal structure of the materials, highlighting the unique benefits of twisting. Looking ahead, the researchers want to explore adding magnetic layers to the structure. This could help further refine superconductivity and lead to the design of new materials and devices that could have significant applications in technology.