Visual sensitivity loss may predict dementia years early

A new study shows that changes in vision can predict dementia up to 12 years before a formal diagnosis. Researchers in Norfolk, England studied 8,623 healthy individuals over many years, tracking their visual sensitivity and mental health. During the study, participants took a test where they pressed a button when they noticed a triangle among moving dots. Those who eventually developed dementia were slower at detecting the triangle than those who remained healthy. This suggests that visual issues might be an early sign of cognitive decline. The study found that the amyloid plaques linked to Alzheimer’s can first impact areas of the brain responsible for vision. As the disease progresses, these plaques affect memory. Therefore, visual tests might reveal problems earlier than memory tests. Several aspects of vision can decline in Alzheimer’s, including recognizing colors and faces. People with dementia may struggle to ignore distractions, making activities like driving riskier. They may also have trouble recognizing new faces because they do not process visual details efficiently. Researchers are investigating whether improving eye movement can help enhance memory. Some studies suggest that people who read or watch TV regularly may have better memory and lower dementia risk. Eye movements during these activities could play a role in this improvement. Currently, using eye movements as a diagnostic tool for Alzheimer’s is limited, primarily due to expensive technology and the need for trained staff. More affordable and accessible methods are needed for wider use. Alzheimer’s disease is a serious brain disorder that damages memory and thinking abilities. While there is no cure, living a healthier lifestyle can help reduce the risk of developing Alzheimer’s.