World Down Syndrome Day emphasizes support for affected individuals

World Down Syndrome Day is recognized to raise awareness about Down Syndrome. This year’s theme is "all about support." From March 20 to March 22, events will take place at the United Nations in Geneva, along with many activities in cities worldwide. Down Syndrome occurs in about 1 in 800 births. In India, around 30,000 babies are born with this condition each year. Down Syndrome is caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21, leading to physical and cognitive development changes. It happens in all races, nationalities, and socio-economic backgrounds. It's important to note that this condition is not caused by anything parents do during pregnancy. Though maternal age can play a role, most babies with Down Syndrome are born to mothers under 35. This is mainly because younger women have more children. The condition affects boys and girls equally. People with Down Syndrome are individuals first. They should be referred to as "a person with Down Syndrome," not "down syndrome kid" or similar terms. Down Syndrome can be detected through prenatal screening and tests. Blood tests and ultrasounds during pregnancy can indicate risk. Confirmatory tests, like amniocentesis, provide a definite diagnosis. Newborns may show signs such as flat facial profiles and low muscle tone. Genetic testing is also becoming more common for determinations. Individuals with Down Syndrome may face health challenges, such as heart defects and hearing issues. They also often have low muscle tone which can lead to other conditions. Advances in medicine mean those with Down Syndrome are now living longer, healthier lives. Early interventions and therapies can help them reach their potential. People with Down Syndrome are achieving success in various areas, including the arts and education. This condition is no longer viewed as taboo. Dr. Surekha Ramachandran leads the Down Syndrome Federation of India and advocates for support and awareness.